No Man's Land by Simon Tolkien

Back in 2016, we blogged (V1) & (V2) about some of the poets, mostly British, who wrote about, served in, and made the ultimate sacrifice during World War I. This month we are featuring more poets and authors who participated in WWI, including several Americans.  This is to highlight the new novel out by Simon Tolkien called No Man’s Land.  It is based on J. R. R. Tolkien’s experiences during the war, and he just happens to be the author's grandfather.  So, check out No Man’s Land and some of the works by these other great authors as well.

Richard Aldington (1892–1962) was an English writer and poet.  He was known best for his WWI poetry and the 1929 novel, Death of a Hero.  Aldington joined the British Army and was wounded on the Western Front. 

*Edmund Charles Blunden (1896–1974) was an English poet, author and critic. He wrote of his experiences in WWI in both verse and prose. He ended his career as Professor of Poetry at Oxford. He was nominated for the Nobel in Literature six times.

*Mary Borden (1886–1968) was an Anglo-American novelist and poet.  At the outbreak of WW1, she used her own money to run a French field hospital and served as a nurse. Her war poems were published in 2016 in: Poems of Love and War.

Louis Bromfield (1896–1956) was an American author and conservationist, born in Mansfield, OH.  He joined the Ambulance Corps in WWI and was awarded the Croix de Guerre and the Legion of Honor. He won the 1927 Pulitzer Prize for Early Autumn.

E. E. Cummings (1894-1962) was an American poet. In 1917, he enlisted in the Ambulance Corps.  Later, he was held for 3½ months in military detention on suspicion of espionage. Cummings used this experience for his novel, The Enormous Room. 

John Roderigo Dos Passos (1896–1970) was an American novelist. He was a member of the Ambulance Corps in Paris and in Italy, and later the Army Medical Corps. He published One Man's Initiation: 1917, followed by an antiwar story, “Three Soldiers”.

Ford Madox Ford (1873–1939) was an English novelist and poet.  In 1915, he joined the Army and was severely wounded by an exploding shell. He published war poetry and later wrote Parade’s End which is considered one of the greatest works of WWI literature.

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) was an American author.  In WWI, he was an ambulance driver in Italy.  In 1918, he sustained severe wounds and received the Italian Silver Medal of Bravery. His experiences helped form his novel A Farewell to Arms.

 

*Joyce Kilmer (1886–1918) was an American journalist and writer, mainly remembered for his poem "Trees".  His "Rouge Bouquet" commemorated the deaths of 24 members of his regiment. He was killed by a sniper at the Second Battle of the Marne.

Thomas Edward Lawrence ‘Lawrence of Arabia’ (1888-1935) was a British diplomat and writer.  In the Army, he was sent to Arabia on a mission, where he played a key role in inciting the Arabs to revolt. Two months after leaving service, he was fatally injured in an accident. His major work is Seven Pillars of Wisdom, an account of his war experiences.

Clive Staples Lewis (1898–1963) was a British writer, academic, and Christian Apologist.  Joining the Army, he was wounded in France by shrapnel. WWI was a huge influence on his writings.  He is best known for The Chronicles of Narnia.

Archibald MacLeish (1892-1982) was an American author, poet and Librarian of Congress. He was an Army ambulance driver and artillery captain during WWI. He expressed his disillusion with war in his poem” Memorial Rain”, published in 1926.

Frederic Manning (1882–1935) was an Australian poet and novelist.  In 1915 he experienced action at the Battle of the Somme. In 1929 he published The Middle Parts of Fortune which has been described as the greatest novel of war ever written.

William Somerset Maugham (1874–1965) was a British writer. During WWI, he served with the ambulance corps, before being recruited into the Intelligence Service.  He used his spying experiences as the basis for Ashenden: Or the British Agent.

Erich Maria Remarque (1898-1970) was a German novelist who created many works about the terror of war. His best known is All Quiet on the Western Front.  During WWI, he volunteered for the Army and was wounded five times. Later, the Nazis burned his works, called him a traitor and murdered his sister.

*Alan Seeger (1888-1916) was an American poet.  He joined the French Foreign Legion and was killed at the Battle of the Somme, cheering on his fellow soldiers after being hit several times. The uncle of Pete Seeger, he is best known for the poem, “I Have a Rendezvous with Death”, a favorite of President John F. Kennedy.

*Robert William Service (1874–1958) was a British-Canadian poet and writer.  When WWI broke out; he worked as a stretcher bearer and ambulance driver. He wrote Rhymes of a Red Cross Man and dedicated it to his brother, who was killed in France.

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (1892-1973) was an English poet and writer who fought in the trenches during WWI.  He came down with trench fever and he spent the remainder of the war deemed medically unfit for service.  His war experiences influence his works. He is best known for The Hobbit and the Lord of the Rings trilogy.

**Amos Niven Wilder (1895–1993) was an American poet, minister, and professor.  He volunteered in the Ambulance Corps and was awarded the Croix de Guerre. “Battle Retrospect” was a volume he wrote about WWI. His brother was Thornton Wilder.

*John Allan Wyeth (1894–1981) was an American poet.  He joined the Expeditionary Forces as a translator in 1917. His collection, “This Man’s Army”, was re-published in 2008 as part of Matthew Bruccoli's Great War Series of lost literary classics of WWI.


*= available through Search Ohio

**= available through OhioLink

Poets of World War I--Volume II

On November 11, 1985 in Poet's Corner Westminster Abbey, Ted Hughes, Poet Laureate, unveiled a memorial stone commemorating poets of World War One.

Earlier this year the library was highlighting our Graphic Novel collection and staff was encouraged to try a new or interesting comic to broaden our reading skills. I came across some historical titles about World War One and read several.  These really opened my eyes to a world-wide conflict that I wasn't very familiar with and also introduced me to a new kind of graphic novel (new to me at least).  Above the Dreamless Dead takes poems from WWI poets and has different comic authors and artists interpret these poems in their own way.  I was hooked!
  The following are books about WWI poetry and literature:

A Corner of a Foreign Field: the Illustrated Poetry of the First World War

Great Poets of World War I: Poetry from the Great War--John Stallworthy

The Great War and Modern Memory: the Illustrated Edition--Paul Fussell

In Flanders Fields: 100 Years: Writing on War, Loss and Remembrance--edited by Amanda Betts (eBook)

Long Shadow: the Legacies of the Great War in the 20th Century--David Reynolds

The New Oxford Book of War Poetry--edited by Jon Stallworthy

Poets of World War I: Rupert Brooke & Siegfried Sassoon

Poets of World War I: Wilfred Owen & Isaac Rosenberg

Regeneration, The Eye in the Door, and The Ghost Road--a trilogy by Pat Barker

Some Desperate Glory: the First World War the Poets Knew--Max Egremont

Tolkien and the Great War: the Threshold of Middle Earth--John Garth

The War Poets--edited by Oscar Williams

If you are interested further, then read the biographies of the poets that follow. 

Francis Edward Ledwidge, 1887-1917--he was an Irish war poet from County Meath.  Sometimes known as the "poet of the blackbirds", he was killed in action at the Battle of Passchendaele.

John McCrae, 1872-1918--born in Canada, he first fought in the artillery, then became a doctor.  He died of pneumonia and his poem In Flanders Field was one of the most famous of the war, written during the 2nd Battle of Ypres.

Wilfred E. S. Owen, 1893-1918--born in Oswestry, England, he is widely accepted as the greatest writer of war poetry in the English language.  He met Siegfried Sassoon in an Edinburgh hospital.  He was killed near Ors just seven days before the end of the war.

Isaac Rosenberg, 1890-1918--born in Bristol, England he was an artist, engraver, and poet before he enlisted in 1915.  His Poems from the Trenches are admired and praised.  He was killed near the town of Fampoux after a night patrol.

Siegfried Lorraine Sassoon, 1886-1967--born in Kent, England, he was the first of the war poets to volunteer.  He was friends with Robert Graves and mentored Wilfred Owen.  He was wounded, won the Military Cross, and then became an editor after the war.  He is second only to Owen as a war poet.

Alan Seeger, 1888-1916--born in New York, he was educated at Harvard and in Paris.  He joined the French Foreign Legion and was killed at Belloy-en-Santerre on the fourth day of the Battle of the Somme.

Charles Hamilton Sorley, 1895-1915--born in Aberdeen, Scotland he loved Germany and hated the idea of the war.  He enlisted in the Army, was promoted to Captain, and was killed in the Battle of Loos.  Favorite of Robert Graves.

Edward Thomas, 1878-1917--born in London, he was already a prolific writer before the war.  His friend Robert Frost encouraged him to write poetry and he wrote 144 poems between 1914 and 1916.  He was killed at the Battle of Arras.

Arthur Graeme West, 1891-1917--born in Norfolk, England he enlisted in the Army in 1915.  He was killed by a sniper at Bapaume.  His war diary, The Diary of a Dead Officer, which contained his poetry, was published in 1919.

Poets of World War I--Volume I

Last month the library highlighted our Graphic Novel collection and staff was encouraged to try a new or interesting comic to broaden our reading skills. I came across some historical titles about World War One and read several.  These really opened my eyes to a world-wide conflict that I wasn't very familiar with and also introduced me to a new kind of graphic novel (new to me at least).  One book takes poems from WWI poets and has different comic authors and artists interpret these poems in their own way.  I was hooked!  So, I started reading everything I could get my hands on about World War One poets and this is what I came up with.  The following are graphic novels about WWI and WWI poetry so check them out.  If you are interested further, then read the biographies of some well known poets that follow.  

Above the Dreamless Dead: World War I in Poetry and Comics

Charley's War: 2 June 1916-1 August 1916--Pat Mills and Joe Colquhoun

The Harlem Hellfighters--Max Brooks and Caanan White

The Red Baron: The Graphic History...--Wayne Vansant

Snoopy vs the Red Baron--Charles M. Schulz

Next month we will highlight books about the poets and their poetry.

Vera Brittain, 1893-1970--born in Newcastle under Lyme, England she served as a nurse in England, France, and Malta.  Her Testament of Youth is one of the outstanding biographies of the War.  She was a pacifist and feminist and lectured prolifically in Britain, Canada, and the United States.

Rupert C. Brooke, 1887-1915--was a Georgian poet born at Rugby, England.  He joined the Navy and died of blood poisoning after a mosquito bite, on his way to Gallipoli.  He is buried on the Greek Island of Skyros.

Eleanor Farjeon, 1881-1965--she was born in London and was a well known author of children's stories.  She was close friends with Helen and Edward Thomas.  Her poem Now That You, Too is about saying goodbye to Edward for the last time.

Wilfrid Wilson Gibson, 1878-1962--a Georgian poet, he is associated with the War but never served abroad.  His poems are told from the viewpoint of ordinary soldiers and their experiences.  He was also a playwright.

Robert Von Ranke Graves, 1895-1985--born in London, his mother was German.  He was friends with Sassoon, Nichols, and Owen and enlisted at age 19.  He was invalided out of the front with major lung injuries and shell shock.  He was an Oxford Professor of Poetry from 1961-1966.

Julian Grenfell, 1888-1915--born in London, he joined the Army in 1910.  His poem Into Battle is said to be the most anthologized of WWI.  He died of shrapnel wounds and his poem and death notice were published one day apart.

Ivor Gurney, 1890-1937--born in Gloucester, England, he was a poet and composer before the War.  He volunteered and was gassed, wounded and returned to Britain.  He suffered from mental illness but continued to write poetry even after he was committed.  He died of tuberculosis at age 47.

Thomas Hardy, 1840-1928--born at Higher-Bockhampton, England, he is best known as a classical novelist.  His war poems had a profound influence on other war poets such as Sassoon.  He was a staunch supporter of the War until it was over.

Rudyard and Jack Kipling

Rudyard Kipling, 1865-1936--born in Bombay, this Nobel Prize winner is best known for his children's literature.  He favored re-armament before the War but was devastated when his only son Jack, was killed in the Battle of the Loos, in September 1915.